About the route command

I've a doubt with route. I get this output when I run "route -n" :

Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref
Use Iface
127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U
0 0 0 lo

Shouldn't be the flag UH instead?, since localhost is a host, isn't
it?
TIA



Neroku

On 22 Apr 2007 06:26:36 -0700, Neroku
<(E-Mail Removed)> wrote:
>
>
> I've a doubt with route. I get this output when I run "route -n" :
>
> Kernel IP routing table
> Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref
> Use Iface
> 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U
> 0 0 0 lo
>
> Shouldn't be the flag UH instead?, since localhost is a host, isn't
> it?
> TIA
>
127.0.0.0 is the loopback network. The host address would be 127.0.0.1.
(You can use any address in 127.0.0.0/8, but they are all the same
machine.)


--
"One Architecture, One OS" also translates as "One Egg, One Basket".

On 22 Apr 2007, in the Usenet newsgroup comp.os.linux.networking, in article
<(E-Mail Removed). com>, Neroku wrote:

>I've a doubt with route. I get this output when I run "route -n" :
>
>Kernel IP routing table
>Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
>127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

OK - pretty standard

>Shouldn't be the flag UH instead?, since localhost is a host, isn't
>it?

'localhost' (or more accurately, the loopback) is a slightly different
in that any address in the range 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 is "this"
computer. The loopback interface is a memory location with two names -
'loopback transmit' and 'loopback receive', and any packet put into the
transmit queue appears (at the same time) in the receive queue. The
_name_ localhost is defined in /etc/hosts (but is also hardcoded in
some aspects of the networking code) and if you want to be exact then
localhost is 127.0.0.1. But that's not what the routing table is
showing you. Try the same command without the -n, and you'll get the
same display unless you've identified th 127.0.0.0/8 _network_ in one
of the configuration files. But you can prove that the network route
is correct by trying to ping addresses in that range:

[compton ~]$ ping -c1 127.0.0.0
PING 127.0.0.0 (127.0.0.0): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.0: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.4 ms

--- 127.0.0.0 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.4/0.4/0.4 ms
[compton ~]$ ping -c1 127.255.255.255
PING 127.255.255.255 (127.255.255.255): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.4 ms

--- 127.255.255.255 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.4/0.4/0.4 ms
[compton ~]$

Assuming you have a server of some kind listening to localhost...
telnet is a simple ony to use as a demonstration, you can then
telnet to _any_ IP address in that 127.0.0.0/8 range and get the
same results.

Now, the H Flag is set based on the supplied network mask information,
and as the mask is not 255.255.255.255, this is not a Host route.

Another thing to look at is the output of the '/sbin/ifconfig' command.
Look at the 'packets' count for transmit and receive, and they will be
equal. The counts will also show that any packets going to "this"
computer _from_ "this" computer will use the loopback interface even
if you have an Ethernet interface that is "up". If your 'eth0' interface
is 192.168.1.1, then when you 'ping' that address, the packets will use
the loopback interface - why clutter up the wires when you are only
"talking" to yourself? The kernel knows all IP addresses of "this"
computer, and does the routing automagically.

Old guy

On Apr 22, 6:26 am, Neroku <n37...@gmail.com> wrote:
> I've a doubt with route. I get this output when I run "route -n" :
>
> Kernel IP routing table
> Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref
> Use Iface
> 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U
> 0 0 0 lo
>
> Shouldn't be the flag UH instead?, since localhost is a host, isn't
> it?
> TIA

You are confusing 127.0.0.1 (localhost) with 127.0.0.0/8 (localnet).
Localhost is a host, but this is localnet, which is a network.

DS